Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Bradford Butman

Originator: P.S. Dalyander

Originator: M.H. Bothner

Originator: Jonathan Borden

Originator: M.A. Casso

Originator: B.T. Gutierrez

Originator: M.E. Hastings

Originator: F.S. Lightsom

Originator: M.A. Martini

Originator: E.T. Montgomery

Originator: R.R. Rendigs

Originator: W.S. Strahle

Publication_Date: 2009

Title:

Long-Term Oceanographic Monitoring in Massachusetts Bay (1989-2006) for Assessment of the Transport and Fate of Sediments and Associated Contaminants.

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mbay_lt.html>

Description:

Abstract:

Long-term oceanographic observations made in western Massachusetts Bay at long-term site LT-A (42° 22.6' N., 70&° 47.0' W.; nominal water depth 32 meters) from December 1989 through February 2006 and long-term site B LT-B (42° 9.8' N., 70° 38.4' W.; nominal water depth 22 meters) from October 1997 through February 2004 are presented here. The observations were collected as part of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study designed to understand the transport and long-term fate of sediments and associated contaminants in Massachusetts Bay. The observations include time-series measurements of current, temperature, salinity, light transmission, pressure, oxygen, fluorescence, and sediment-trapping rate. About 160 separate mooring or tripod deployments were made on about 90 research cruises to collect these long-term observations. This report presents a description of the 17-year field program and the instrumentation used to make the measurements, an overview of the data set, more than 2,500 pages of statistics and plots that summarize the data, and the digital data in Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) format. This research was conducted by the USGS in cooperation with the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority and the U.S. Coast Guard. For more information on the field operations associated with data collection: <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1989-035-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1990-002-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1990-016-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1990-041-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1991-005-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1991-016-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1991-036-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1992-002-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1992-008-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1992-026-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1992-029-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1992-032-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1993-002-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1993-003-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1993-011-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1993-024-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1993-031-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1994-015-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1994-019-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1994-022-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1994-035-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1994-040-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-017-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-022-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-032-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-035-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-038-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1995-039-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1996-007-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1996-012-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=1996-019-FA> 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<https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2001-085-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2001-086-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-026-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-044-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-045-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-046-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-048-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-056-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2002-064-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2003-028-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2003-031-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2003-057-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2004-016-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2004-023-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2004-026-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2004-032-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2004-065-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2005-003-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2005-022-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2005-023-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2005-025-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2005-038-FA> <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2003-003-FA>

Purpose:

The long-term oceanographic observations were designed to understand the transport and long-term fate of sediments and associated contaminants in Massachusetts Bay. Site LT-A is located approximately 1 km south of the new ocean outfall that began discharging treated sewage effluent from the Boston metropolitan area into Massachusetts Bay on September 6, 2000. Site LT-B is located about 28 km southeast of the new outfall in the direction of the mean current in Massachusetts Bay. The observations document sediment resuspension and transport, and seasonal and inter-annual changes in currents, hydrography, and suspended-matter concentration. They also provide observations for testing numerical models of circulation and transport. This dataset contains more than 500 files providing the observations collected from December 1989 through February 2006. The background and experimental setup are described in the open file report "Long-Term Oceanographic Observations in Massachusetts Bay, 1989–2006", on line at: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/74/>. The locations, deployment depths, sensor type and parameters measured during the deployment are presented by site in the table displayed by the Basic Sampling Interval links (<https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mbay_lt-a.html> and <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mbay_ltb-a.html>). The basic sampling interval data files are provided at the rate at which the sensor made observations- no temporal averaging, filtering or subsampling was done. Hourly averaged and low pass filtered data are also available for some files. The data files are available for download by clicking the file name in the table or via OPeNDAP and THREDDS at <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/opendap/MBAY_LT/> and <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/opendap/MBAY_LTB/>.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1989

Ending_Date: 2006

Currentness_Reference:

Ground condition of data collection; Platforms were deployed with instruments at several depths for 3 to 6 months sequentially over 26 years. The duration of data in individual files is the length of the deployment, but segments can be concatenated to make a nearly continuous time-series of measurements. There may also be periods where data is missing due to sensor sensor failure.

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -071.000000

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -070.500000

North_Bounding_Coordinate: +42.500000

South_Bounding_Coordinate: +42.000000

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: Oceanographic observations

Theme_Keyword: Current

Theme_Keyword: Temperature

Theme_Keyword: Salinity

Theme_Keyword: Light transmission

Theme_Keyword: Beam attenuation

Theme_Keyword: Pressure

Theme_Keyword: Sediment-trapping rate

Theme_Keyword: Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)

Theme_Keyword: Oxygen

Theme_Keyword: Fluorescence

Theme_Keyword: 1989-035-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1990-002-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1990-016-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1990-041-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1991-005-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1991-016-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1991-036-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1992-002-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1992-008-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1992-026-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1992-029-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1992-032-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1993-002-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1993-003-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1993-011-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1993-024-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1993-031-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1994-015-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1994-019-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1994-022-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1994-035-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1994-040-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-017-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-022-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-032-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-035-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-038-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1995-039-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1996-007-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1996-012-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1996-019-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1996-023-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1996-049-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-015-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-016-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-017-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-029-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-043-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1997-044-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1998-011-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1998-019-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1998-028-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1998-044-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1999-007-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1999-008-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1999-009-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1999-021-FA

Theme_Keyword: 1999-040-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-002-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-003-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-004-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-048-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-062-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-066-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2000-085-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-022-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-023-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-024-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-051-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-061-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-068-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-069-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-080-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-085-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2001-086-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-026-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-044-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-045-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-046-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-048-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-056-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2002-064-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2003-028-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2003-031-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2003-057-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2004-016-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2004-023-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2004-026-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2004-032-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2004-065-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2005-003-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2005-022-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2005-023-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2005-025-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2005-038-FA

Theme_Keyword: 2006-003-FA

Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey

Theme_Keyword: USGS

Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Theme_Keyword: CMGP

Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC

Theme_Keyword: netCDF

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: oceans

Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation

Theme_Keyword: climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay

Place_Keyword: Massachusetts

Place_Keyword: Boston Massachusetts

Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Water Resources Authority ocean outfall

Place_Keyword: Western Massachusetts Bay

Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine

Place_Keyword: North America

Place_Keyword: United States

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Temporal_Keyword: 1989-2006

Access_Constraints: none

Use_Constraints:

Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (and any cooperators you feel should be recognized) as the originator of the dataset. Biological fouling often degrades light transmission data after several months of deployment. Organisms grow on the transmissometer lenses and gradually block light transmission, which results in a gradual increase of the beam-attenuation coefficient. This drift occurs more quickly and is more severe at shallower depths. The attenuation data plots have not been corrected for biological fouling and should be interpreted with care. Salinity measured by instruments on tripods during 1989-1996, were erroneously low by as much as one practical salinity unit by the end of the 4-month deployments, due to fouling of the conductivity cells. Tripod conductivity data apparently were affected by a slow, gradual build-up of a biological film on the electrodes and also occasional sudden depositions of a significant volume of material (possibly sediments) inside the measurement volume of the conductivity cell. In June 1996 (mooring 470), Sea-Bird pumps were added to the MIDAS to flush the conductivity cell prior to making a measurement, reducing the effect of deposits on the conductivity measurements. The salinity data should be used and interpreted with care.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Bradford Butman

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address:

U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Science Center 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: Massachusetts

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508 548-8700 x2212

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bbutman@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

For their outstanding logistical support in collecting the oceanographic data in this report, we thank crews of the U.S. Coast Guard Cutters White Heath and Marcus Hanna and their captains Michael Frias, Buddy Blackburn, Vernon Shay, Peter Boardman, Richard Foy, Thomas Dickey, and Paul Dupuis. The USGS and the USCG safely conducted more than 90 cruises to deploy and recover hundreds of individual instruments on about 160 separate moorings to obtain this long-term data set. Mike Bothner was chief scientist on the USCG cruises. Fran Lightsom, Mary Hastings, and Ellyn Montgomery processed the time-series data. William Strahle, Marinna Martini, and Jonathan Borden oversaw the preparation and deployment of the physical oceanographic instrumentation. Michael Casso and Rick Rendigs oversaw collection and analysis of the the sediment-trap data. Ben Gutierrez helped in the preparation of version 1 of this report. Dann Blackwood took many of the photographs in this report. Bob Barton, Dann Blackwood, Jon Borden, Michael Casso, Jessica Cote, Ray Davis, Peter Gill, Joe Newell, Carol Parmenter, Andre Ramsey, Rick Rendigs, Steve Ruane, and Richard Signell carried out the work at sea, ashore, and in the laboratory. Rick Rendigs, Dan Blackwood, Larry Ball, Steve Cross, and Ken Parolski aided in the successful recovery of several bottom tripod systems by diving when the primary recovery system failed. Donna Newman and Jennifer Martin did the html coding. Mike Connor, Ken Keay, Wendy Leo, Mike Mickelson, and Andrea Rex provided guidance from MWRA. Neil Ganju and Erin Twomey (USGS) provided helpful reviews of this report. Frank Marachi, captain of the fishing vessel Christopher Andrew, provided assistance and valuable local knowledge on a number of cruises. This research was partially supported by a Cooperative Research Agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority and by an Interagency Support Agreement with the U.S. Coast Guard.

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: E.T. Montgomery

Originator: M.A. Martini

Originator: F.L. Lightsom

Originator: Bradford Butman

Publication_Date: 2009

Title:

Documentation of the U.S. Geological Survey Oceanographic Time-Series Measurement Database

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Open-File Report

Issue_Identification: 2007-1194

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole,MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1194/>

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: B. Butman

Originator: P.S. Dalyander

Originator: M.H. Bothner

Originator: J. Borden

Originator: M.A. Casso

Originator: B.T. Gutierrez

Originator: M.E. Hastings

Originator: F.L. Lightsom

Originator: M.A. Martini

Originator: E.T. Montgomery

Originator: R.R. Rendigs

Originator: W.S. Strahle

Publication_Date: 2009

Title:

Long-Term Oceanographic Observations in Massachusetts Bay, 1989–2006

Series_Information:

Series_Name: Data Series

Issue_Identification: 74

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/74/>

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report: Data are logically consistent

Completeness_Report:

The data have been edited to remove outlying points and data recorded when the instruments were out of the water (before and after deployment). Data have been removed for periods when a sensor failed.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The deployment positions were obtained from the ship's positioning system. The deployment spans many years, so the accuracy may vary up to 20 meters for the earlier records, but are nearer 1 meter by the end of the program, given the improvement in technology over the decades.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Instruments mounted on the seafloor have depth accuracy of better than 1 meter. Mooring based measurements will have more variability due to tides and storms and are accurate to 10m.

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

FIELD PROGRAM: Sequential deployments of instruments at two sites to measure ocean currents, temperature, conductivity, turbidity light transmission and other parameters was completed between 1989 and 2006 to assess impacts of sewage discharge in Massachusetts Bay. Site A was just at 42° 22.6' N., 70° 47.0' W.; nominal water depth 32 meters. Four mooring configurations were used during the 16-year period (1989-2006) that instruments were deployed at LT-A.  The objective was to obtain measurements of currents and water properties at three nominal depths:  near-surface (about 5 m below the surface, above the thermocline in summer); near-bottom (about 22 m, 10 m above the bottom, below the thermocline in summer); and bottom (1-2 m above bottom). Long -term site B (1997-2004) was at 42° 9.8' N., 70° 38.4' W.; nominal water depth 22 meters. Observations at LT-B included temperature and conductivity at about 12 m (10 m above bottom) and 21 m (1 m above bottom), and time-series sediment trap at about 18 m (4 m above bottom). The instruments at each site varied with what was available at the time, thus current measurements were made at discrete depths with Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) in the early years and progressed to full water column measurements made with Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) after 1994. For a more complete description of the configuration, see the Field Program section of: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/74/>.

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

DATA PROCESSING Data processing was conducted using the proprietary software for each instrument, and (or) specialized software developed by the USGS. The proprietary software was often used to download data from the instruments and export the data to ASCII-files. Post-processing of the raw binary or ASCII files was accomplished using USGS software developed in the MATLAB (<http://www.mathworks.com/>) programming language. As part of the processing, instrument-specific formats were converted to the EPIC-standard NetCDF format (<http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/epic/>) and scientific units. Data were carefully checked for inconsistencies, time drift, and other problems and then edited if needed. The beginning and end of each data series were truncated to remove data collected out of water. After final editing, the best basic version of the data file that includes all variables recorded at the basic sampling interval (the fastest rate at which the sensor sampled) is published. Biological fouling often degrades light transmission data after several months of deployment. Organisms grow on the transmissometer lenses and gradually block light transmission, which results in a gradual increase of the beam-attenuation coefficient. This drift occurs more quickly and is more severe at shallower depths. The attenuation data plots have not been corrected for biological fouling and should be interpreted with care.
Salinity measured by instruments on tripods during 1989-1996, were erroneously low by as much as one practical salinity unit by the end of the 4-month deployments, due to fouling of the conductivity cells. Tripod conductivity data apparently were affected by a slow, gradual build-up of a biological film on the electrodes and also occasional sudden depositions of a significant volume of material (possibly sediments) inside the measurement volume of the conductivity cell. In June 1996 (mooring 470), Sea-Bird pumps were added to the MIDAS to flush the conductivity cell prior to making a measurement, reducing the effect of deposits on the conductivity measurements. The salinity data should be used and interpreted with care.
For a more complete description of the data processing, see the Data Processing section of <http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/74/>.

Process_Date: 2009

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Ellyn Montgomery

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-457-8700 x2356

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: emontgomery@usgs.gov

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Ellyn Montgomery

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-457-8700 x2356

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: emontgomery@usgs.gov

Resource_Description:

Downloadable Data available from <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mbay_lt.html>.

Distribution_Liability:

Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: netCDF

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <https://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/mbay_lt.html>

Fees: None.

Technical_Prerequisites:

The user's computer must have software to read netCDF files or import OPeNDAP.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20120517

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Ellyn T. Montgomery

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 384 Woods Hole Road

City: Woods Hole

State_or_Province: MA

Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Country: United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 457-8700 x2356

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: emontgomery@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time